Counterintuitive carbon-to-nutrient coupling in an Arctic pelagic ecosystem

Title
Counterintuitive carbon-to-nutrient coupling in an Arctic pelagic ecosystem

Publication Type
Journal Article

Year of Publication
2008

Authors

Thingstad TF, Bellerby RGJ, Bratbak G, Borsheim KY, Egge JK, Heldal M, Larsen A, Neill C, Nejstgaard J, Norland S, Sandaa RA, Skjoldal EF, Tanaka T, Thyrhaug R, Topper B

Journal
Nature

Volume
455

Pagination
387-391

ISBN Number

Keywords

DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Carbon to nutrient coupling, microbial food web, Arctic, mesocosm, Svalbard, Norway, 1 m3

Abstract

Predicting the ocean’s role in the global carbon cycle requires anunderstanding of the stoichiometric coupling between carbon andgrowth-limiting elements in biogeochemical processes. A recentaddition to such knowledge is that the carbon/nitrogen ratio ofinorganic consumption and release of dissolved organic mattermay increase in a high-CO2 world1. This will, however, yield anegative feedback on atmospheric CO2 only if the extra organicmaterial escapes mineralization within the photic zone. Here weshow, in the context of an Arctic pelagic ecosystem, how the fateand effects of added degradable organic carbon depend criticallyon the state of the microbial food web. When bacterial growth ratewas limited by mineral nutrients, extra organic carbon accumulatedin the system. When bacteria were limited by organic carbon,however, addition of labile dissolved organic carbon reducedphytoplankton biomass and activity and also the rate at whichtotal organic carbon accumulated, explained as the result of stimulatedbacterial competition for mineral nutrients. This counterintuitive‘more organic carbon gives less organic carbon’ effectwas particularly pronounced in diatom-dominated systems wherethe carbon/mineral nutrient ratio in phytoplankton productionwas high. Our results highlight how descriptions of present andfuture states of the oceanic carbon cycle require detailed understandingof the stoichiometric coupling between carbon andgrowth-limiting mineral nutrients in both autotrophic and heterotrophicprocesses.

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Alternate Journal

Availability of phosphate for phytoplankton and bacteria and of glucose for bacteria at different pCO2 levels in a mesocosm study

Title
Availability of phosphate for phytoplankton and bacteria and of glucose for bacteria at different pCO2 levels in a mesocosm study
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Tanaka T, Thingstad TF, Lovdal T, Grossart HP, Larsen A, Allgaier M, Meyerhofer M, Schulz KG, Wohlers J, Zollner E, Riebesell U

Journal
Biogeosciences
Volume
5
Pagination
669-678
ISBN Number
Keywords

co2, acidification, Bacteria, phytoplankton, glucose, phosphate turnover, mesocosm, Espegrend, Raunefjorden, Norway, Bergen, 25 m3

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Microzooplankton grazing and phytoplankton growth in marine mesocosms with increased CO2 levels

Title
Microzooplankton grazing and phytoplankton growth in marine mesocosms with increased CO2 levels
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Suffrian K, Simonelli P, Nejstgaard JC, Putzeys S, Carotenuto Y, Antia AN

Journal
Biogeosciences
Volume
5
Pagination
1145-1156
ISBN Number
Keywords

Emiliania huxleyi, co2, acidification, grazing, microzooplankton, phytoplankton, mesocosm, Espegrend, Bergen, 27 m3, Norway

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Effects of water depth and hydrodynamics on the growth and distribution of juvenile cyprinids in the littoral zone of a large pre-alpine lake

Title
Effects of water depth and hydrodynamics on the growth and distribution of juvenile cyprinids in the littoral zone of a large pre-alpine lake
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Stoll S, Fischer P, Klahold P, Scheifhacken N, Hofmann H, Rothhaupt KO

Journal
Journal of Fish Biology
Volume
72
Pagination
1001-1022
ISBN Number
0022-1112
Keywords

body shape, enclosure experiment, habitat choice, hydrodynamic stress, otolith daily, increment, somatic growth., freshwater, FISH, Lake Costance, net enclosure

Abstract
Date of Published
Mar
Accession Number
WOS:000253479300014
Type of Article
Alternate Journal

Climate change and the timing, magnitude, and composition of the phytoplankton spring bloom

Title
Climate change and the timing, magnitude, and composition of the phytoplankton spring bloom

Publication Type
Journal Article

Year of Publication
2008

Authors

Sommer U, Lengfellner K

Journal
Global Change Biology

Volume
14

Pagination
1199-1208

ISBN Number
1354-1013

Keywords

climate change, phytoplankton, spring bloom, Zooplankton, mesocosm, 1.4 m3, Kiel, Germany

Abstract

In this article, we show by mesocosm experiments that winter and spring warming will lead to substantial changes in the spring bloom of phytoplankton. The timing of the spring bloom shows only little response to warming as such, while light appears to play a more important role in its initiation. The daily light dose needed for the start of the phytoplankton spring bloom in our experiments agrees well with a recently published critical light intensity found in a field survey of the North Atlantic (around 1.3 mol photons m(-2) day(-1)). Experimental temperature elevation had a strong effect on phytoplankton peak biomass (decreasing with temperature), mean cell size (decreasing with temperature) and on the share of microplankton diatoms (decreasing with temperature). All these changes will lead to poorer feeding conditions for copepod zooplankton and, thus, to a less efficient energy transfer from primary to fish production under a warmer climate.

Date of Published
Jun

Accession Number
ISI:000255707200001

Type of Article

Alternate Journal

Build-up and decline of organic matter during PeECE III

Title
Build-up and decline of organic matter during PeECE III
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Schulz KG, Riebesell U, Bellerby RGJ, Biswas H, Meyerhofer M, Muller MN, Egge JK, Nejstgaard JC, Neill C, Wohlers J, Zollner E

Journal
Biogeosciences
Volume
5
Pagination
707-718
ISBN Number
Keywords

Emiliania huxleyi, nutrient addition, co2, acidification, organic matter, carbon cycling, mesocosm, Bergen, 27 m3, Espegrend, Norway

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Eutrophication of lakes cannot be controlled by reducing nitrogen input: Results of a 37-year whole-ecosystem experiment

Title
Eutrophication of lakes cannot be controlled by reducing nitrogen input: Results of a 37-year whole-ecosystem experiment

Publication Type
Journal Article

Year of Publication
2008

Authors

Schindler DW, Hecky RE, Findlay DL, Stainton MP, Parker BR, Paterson MJ, Beaty KG, Lyng M, Kasian SEM

Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volume
105

Pagination
11254-11258

ISBN Number

Keywords

whole ecosystem, lakes, nitrogen limitation, freshwater, cyanobacteria blooms, Experimental Lakes, Nutrient limitation, phosphorus, mesocosm, Ontario, Canada, >50m3

Abstract

Lake 227, a small lake in the Precambrian Shield at the ExperimentalLakes Area (ELA), has been fertilized for 37 years with constantannual inputs of phosphorus and decreasing inputs of nitrogen totest the theory that controlling nitrogen inputs can control eutrophication.For the final 16 years (1990–2005), the lake wasfertilized with phosphorus alone. Reducing nitrogen inputs increasinglyfavored nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria as a response bythe phytoplankton community to extreme seasonal nitrogen limitation.Nitrogen fixation was sufficient to allow biomass to continueto be produced in proportion to phosphorus, and the lakeremained highly eutrophic, despite showing indications of extremenitrogen limitation seasonally. To reduce eutrophication, the focusof management must be on decreasing inputs of phosphorus

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Phytoplankton and bacterial uptake of inorganic and organic nitrogen during an induced bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii

Title
Phytoplankton and bacterial uptake of inorganic and organic nitrogen during an induced bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Sanderson MP, Bronk DA, Nejstgaard JC, Verity PG, Sazhin AF, Frischer ME

Journal
Aquatic Microbial Ecology
Volume
51
Pagination
153-168
ISBN Number
Keywords

Nitrogen uptake, mesocosm, Phaeocystis, Diatoms, Bacteria, 11 m3, Raunefjord, Bergen, Norway

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Mesocosm CO2 perturbation studies: from organism to communitylevel

Title
Mesocosm CO2 perturbation studies: from organism to communitylevel
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Riebesell U, Bellerby RGJ, Grossart HP, Thingstad F

Journal
Biogeosciences
Volume
5
Pagination
1157-1164
ISBN Number
Keywords

CO2 enrichment, PEECE, mesocosm, Raunefjord, Bergen, 27 m3, Norway

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Alternate Journal

Effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on small and intermediate sized osmotrophs during a nutrient induced phytoplankton bloom

Title
Effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on small and intermediate sized osmotrophs during a nutrient induced phytoplankton bloom
Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
2008
Authors

Paulino AI, Egge JK, Larsen A

Journal
Biogeosciences
Volume
5
Pagination
739-748
ISBN Number
Keywords

Emiliania huxleyi, Bacteria, co2, nutrient addition, osmotrophs, Espegrend, mesocosm, Raunefjord, Bergen, 27 m3, Norway

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