Graham MD, Vinebrooke RD
freshwater, Experimental Lake Area, Canada, 1.5m3
Graham MD, Vinebrooke RD
freshwater, Experimental Lake Area, Canada, 1.5m3
Gasol JM, Vazquez-Dominguez E, Vaque D, Agusti S, Duarte CM
bacterial activity, bacterial production, Central Atlantic, Nutrient supply, Primary production, Water column stability, mediterranean, mesocosm, Bay of Blanes, 33 m3, Spain
Feuchtmayr H, Moran R, Hatton K, Connor L, Heyes T, Moss B, Harvey I, Atkinson D
Macrophytes, nitrogen, climate change, shallow lake, floating plants, temperature, Lemna, mesocosm, Ness Gardens, 3 m3, sediment, freshwater, UK
Egge JK, Thingstad TF, Larsen A, Engel A, Wohlers J, Bellerby RGJ, Riebesell U
CO2 enrichment, Primary production, nutrient addition, mesocosm, Raunefjorden, Bergen, 27 m3, Norway
Dueri S, Dahllof I, Hjorth M, Marinov D, Zaldívar JM
mesocosm model, Nutrients and contaminants combined effects, hydrodynamic model, 1D, Isefjord, Denmark, 3 m3
Duarte CM, Regaurdie-de-Gioux A
Primary production, planktonic metabolism, respiration, mesocosm, review
Daufresne M, Lengfellner K, Sommer U
biological scale, body size, climate change, ectotherms, metaanalysis, leuciscus-leuciscus l, fish communities, spring bloom, rhone river, phytoplankton, size, environments, populations, mesocosm, Kiel, 1.4 m3, Zooplankton, Germany
Understanding the ecological impacts of climate change is a crucial challenge of the twenty-first century. There is a clear lack of general rules regarding the impacts of global warming on biota. Here, we present a metaanalysis of the effect of climate change on body size of ectothermic aquatic organisms (bacteria, phyto- and zooplankton, and fish) from the community to the individual level. Using long-term surveys, experimental data and published results, we show a significant increase in the proportion of small-sized species and young age classes and a decrease in size-at-age. These results are in accordance with the ecological rules dealing with the temperature-size relationships (i.e., Bergmann’s rule, James’ rule and Temperature-Size Rule). Our study provides evidence that reduced body size is the third universal ecological response to global warming in aquatic systems besides the shift of species ranges toward higher altitudes and latitudes and the seasonal shifts in life cycle events.
Cunliffe M, Salter M, Mann PJ, Whiteley AS, Upstill-Goddard RC, Murrell JC
surface microlayer, Transparent exopolymer particles, TEP, Bacteria, Phytoplankton bloom, Dissolved Organic Carbon, DOC, mesocosm, 2.5 m3, Espegrend, Norway
The sea surface microlayer is the interfacial boundary layer between the marineenvironment and the troposphere. Surface microlayer samples were collectedduring a fjord mesocosm experiment to study microbial assemblage dynamicswithin the surface microlayer during a phytoplankton bloom. Transparentexopolymer particles were significantly enriched in the microlayer samples,supporting the concept of a gelatinous surface film. Dissolved organic carbon andbacterial cell numbers (determined by flow cytometry) were weakly enriched in themicrolayer samples. However, the numbers of Bacteria 16S rRNA genes (determinedby quantitative real-time PCR) were more variable, probably due to variablenumbers of bacterial cells attached to particles. The enrichment of transparentexopolymer particles in the microlayer and the subsequent production of agelatinous biofilm have implications on air–sea gas transfer and the partitioningof organic carbon in surface waters.
Agusti S, Duarte CM, Llabres M, Agawin NSR, Kennedy H
mesocosm, nitrogen, irradiance, Antarctica, phytoplankton, 35 m3
We tested the role of solar irradiance and ammonium inputs on phytoplankton bloomformation in Antarctic coastal waters (62 39.5760 S; 60 22.4080 W, Livingston Island,South Sethlands) through the combination of a large-scale, in situ mesocosm experimentand a small-scale experiment. Phytoplankton growth, nutrient use, and biomassdevelopment remained low at ambient irradiances and increased greatly (greater thanthirtyfold) to yield large (up to 93 mg chlorophyll a l 1) phytoplankton blooms in responseto moderate shading. The phytoplankton communities tested were light limited whenirradiance was reduced below 30% of the incident irradiance and stressed by highirradiance at the full ambient irradiance. Ammonium additions greatly stimulatedphytoplankton growth, biomass, and stimulated the use of the large nitrate pool present inthe Antarctic waters and lead to a decline in the specific UV absorption by mycosporinelikeamminoacids. The small-scale experiment confirmed the role of UV irradiance ininhibiting phytoplankton growth and the capacity of ammonium inputs to overcome thisinhibition. The alleviation of the high-irradiance stress by ammonium additions providedevidence of a key role of ammonium inputs in allowing phytoplankton to resume growthand nutrient use. The results demonstrate that there is a narrow window of irradiancewhere phytoplankton growth is adequate and that coastal Antarctic phytoplanktoncommunities, examined here, are either light limited or stressed by high irradiance atirradiances outside this range. More research is needed to analyze the interplay betweenlight climate, ammonium, and bloom initiation in Antarctic coastal waters to test thegenerality of the results obtained.
Zollner E, Hoppe HG, Sommer U, Jurgens K
Zooplankton, Trophic cascades, microbial food web, Bacteria, flaggelates, ciliates, mesocosm, Norway, Trondheim, 1.7 m3